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Mallory–Weiss syndrome
Mallory–Weiss syndrome or gastro-esophageal laceration syndrome refers to bleeding from a laceration in the mucosa at the junction of the stomach and esophagus. This is usually caused by severe vomiting because of alcoholism or bulemia, but can be caused by any conditions which causes violent vomiting and retching such as food poisoning. The syndrome presents with painful hematemesis. The laceration is sometimes referred to as a ''Mallory-Weiss tear''.
==Causes==
It is often associated with alcoholism and eating disorders and there is some evidence that presence of a hiatal hernia is a predisposing condition. Forceful vomiting causes tear of the mucosa at the junction.
NSAID abuse is also a rare association. The tear involves mucosa and submucosa but not the muscular layer (contrast to Boerhaave syndrome which involves all the layers). The mean age is more than 60 and 80% are men.
Hyperemesis gravidarum, which is severe morning sickness associated with vomiting and retching in pregnancy, is also a known cause of Mallory-Weiss tear.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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